상명대학교글로벌문화예술교육연구소

DOI: Vol.10(No.2) 1-1, 2026

Stephen Richardson , Seung Ho Chang

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.1 Vol.10(No.2) 1-15, 2026

Aging is associated with progressive declines in cognitive and motor functioning that may negatively affect independence and quality of life among older adults. Emerging evidence suggests that impairments in fine and gross motor performance are closely related to cognitive decline and may serve as early indicators of neurodegenerative changes. The purpose of this conceptual review was to explore the relationship between cognitive functioning and motor performance in older adults across varying stages of cognitive health. A structured literature search was conducted using multiple electronic databases to identify peer-reviewed studies published between 2014 and 2025. The reviewed literature suggests that declines in fine motor coordination, processing speed, and bimanual coordination are associated with reduced cognitive functioning and an increased risk of cognitive impairment. Several studies also suggest that motor-based interventions, including piano training, bimanual coordination exercises, gross motor activities, and task-specific training, may contribute to improvements in executive functioning, attention, inhibitory control, and neuroplasticity, although findings vary across intervention types and study designs. Additionally, demographic and lifestyle-related factors such as age, sex, cardiovascular health, education, and metabolic conditions appear to influence both cognitive and motor aging trajectories.

Aging, Cognition, Cognitive Decline, Motor Skills, Older Adults

Chan Woong Park , Gunars Cazers , Craig Tacla , Min Hyun Kim , Jun Hyung Baek

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.16 Vol.10(No.2) 16-26, 2026

The main aim of this qualitative study was to examine the attitudes and perceptions of 16 able-bodied college students toward adapted sports and disabilities before and after attending a collegiate adapted sports event. Participants were undergraduate college students from physical activity classes at a southern university in the U.S. Data were collected from were formal, informal interviews, and documents illustrating the participants’ perceptions of the event and disability. Analytic induction and constant comparison were conducted to analyze data. Prior to attending the event, three themes that emerged from data were pity, lack of knowledge, and low expectations of adapted sports and people with disabilities. After attending a collegiate adapted sports event, four themes enhanced knowledge and expectations, empowerment, empathy, and advocacy emerged . The findings from this study suggest that attending a competitive adapted sporting event may positively influence perceptions and attitudes toward adapted sports and disability. The implications of these findings are discussed.

Adapted Sports, Contact Theory, Attitude, Disability, Perception

Bumsoo Park , Taejung Kim , Sanghyun Park

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.27 Vol.10(No.2) 27-40, 2026

This study examined actor and partner associations between smartphone over-involvement and life satisfaction within parent-child dyads. Matched data from 4,828 parent-child dyads were drawn from the 2018 Korean Children and Youth Panel Survey. Confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling were conducted, and the Actor-Partner Interdependence Model was used to account for the interdependence between parents and children. The structural model demonstrated an acceptable fit to the data (CFI = .942, TLI = .927, RMSEA = .060, SRMR = .035). Significant negative actor effects were found for both children and parents: children’s smartphone over-involvement was associated with lower levels of their own life satisfaction (β = -.434, p < .001), and parents’ smartphone over-involvement was associated with lower levels of their own life satisfaction (β = -.172, p < .001). Significant negative partner effects were also observed. Children’s smartphone over-involvement was associated with lower parental life satisfaction (β = -.109, p < .001), while parents’ smartphone over-involvement was associated with lower child life satisfaction (β = -.037, p = .023). These findings demonstrate that smartphone over-involvement and life satisfaction are interdependent within parent-child relationships, supporting a family-level approach to understanding problematic smartphone use.

Parents, Children, Smartphone Over-Involvement, Life Satisfaction, Dyadic Analysis

Sangwoo Sim , Daehwan Kim

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.41 Vol.10(No.2) 41-62, 2026

This study examined whether fitness center service quality influences members’ continuance intention through satisfaction and whether this process varies by gender and involvement. Drawing on the stimulus-organism-response model and service quality theory, service quality was conceptualized as comprising five dimensions: facility, price, accessibility, operating hours, and staff service. Data were collected from 400 adult fitness center users in urban areas of South Korea, with equal numbers of male and female respondents. Confirmatory factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and latent moderated structural equation modeling conditional process analysis were conducted. The results showed that facility, price, operating hours, and staff service positively influenced satisfaction, whereas accessibility did not. Satisfaction had a strong positive effect on continuance intention and mediated the effects of facility, price, operating hours, and staff service on continuance intention. For the moderation effect testing, the conditional process analysis revealed significant gender-by-involvement three-way interactions only for operating hours and staff service, and these two dimensions showed mirror-image patterns. Specifically, the effect of operating hours on satisfaction and its indirect effect on continuance intention strengthened as involvement increased among female members but weakened among male members. However, the effect of staff service on satisfaction strengthened as involvement increased among male members but weakened among female members. In contrast, the effects of facility, price, and accessibility did not vary by gender and involvement, with facility operating as a stable driver of satisfaction and continuance intention across all segments. These findings suggest that fitness centers should adopt segmented member-retention strategies that account for differences in gender and involvement levels.

Fitness Center, Service Quality, Satisfaction, Continuance Intention, SOR Model

Ok Hee Jeong

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.63 Vol.10(No.2) 63-80, 2026

This paper applies critical discourse analysis to examine how participants in the South Korean dance survival program Street Woman Fighter (SWF, Mnet 2021) construct and contest the identity category ‘dancer.’ Analyzing nomination and predication patterns across all nine episodes, the study finds that participants deploy the English term dance/dancer―rather than muyong, the institutionalized Korean term for art dance―to assert a bounded professional identity, distinguishing themselves from entertainers and idols while simultaneously dividing this identity along an internal axis of authenticity versus popularity. Read against the discursive history of chum, dance, and muyong in colonial and postwar Korea, this naming can be interpreted as a performative act of linguistic reappropriation, reclaiming a historically stigmatized term as an instrument of recognition. Within the popular dance field itself, however, the same English usage also marks technical authenticity and transnational generational belonging. Finally, though SWF's text nearly excludes muyong, its climactic narrative of artistic autonomy reveals the persistence of muyong's modernist aesthetic logic beneath its own vocabulary of resistance.

Critical Discourse Analysis, Linguistic Reappropriation, Dance Terminology, Chum, Muyong, Dance, Street Woman Fighter

Youngjae Kim , Hyosung Baek

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.81 Vol.10(No.2) 81-94, 2026

This study aimed to examine the mediating effect of leisure policy satisfaction on the relationship between leisure awareness and happiness and to compare this structural relationship across gender groups. Beyond simply confirming that leisure policies should be implemented for citizens, the findings underscore that individual citizens’ diverse leisure experiences and awareness should inform the formulation and direction of effective leisure policies. This study used raw data from the 2024 National Leisure Activity Survey conducted by the Ministry of Culture, Sports, and Tourism. The sampling frame was generated through multistage stratified cluster sampling. Of 10,075 valid respondents, a sample of 9,591 adults aged 20 years and older was selected for analysis. Leisure awareness was measured using a single item on overall satisfaction with leisure life and happiness with the single item on current level of happiness, both taken from the original survey without modification. PROCESS macro Model 4 with 5,000 bootstrap samples was used to test the mediation effect, and a comparison by gender group was then conducted using PROCESS Model 59, in which the effects estimated separately for the male and female groups were compared, and the index of moderated mediation was examined. The main results are as follows: First, leisure awareness had a significant positive effect on happiness, consistent with prior research showing that positive perceptions of leisure activities play an important role in life satisfaction and happiness. Second, leisure policy satisfaction partially mediated the relationship between leisure awareness and happiness, indicating that individual leisure awareness influences happiness not only directly but also through an indirect path via satisfaction with governmental leisure policies. Third, the comparison by gender group showed that the partial mediating effect of leisure policy satisfaction was significant in both the female and male groups; the index of moderated mediation was not significant, indicating that the indirect effect did not differ significantly between the two gender groups. Based on these findings, this study suggests: (a) building a social foundation for enhancing citizens’ leisure awareness; (b) expanding leisure infrastructure tangible in daily life and improving program quality; and (c) applying universal design principles to leisure support policies for marginalized populations.

Leisure Awareness, Happiness, Leisure Policy Satisfaction, Comparison by Gender Group

Jung Taek Shin

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.95 Vol.10(No.2) 95-118, 2026

This conceptual review proposes a structured, evidence-informed framework for integrating artificial intelligence (AI) into applied sport psychology, focusing on psychological skills training (PST) and athlete counseling. The supporting literature was identified through a structured search of five international and Korean databases across three clusters: AI technologies, sport psychology and PST, and the ethical and cultural dimensions of digital mental health. Traditional PST―goal setting, mental imagery, arousal regulation, self-talk, and attentional control―shows consistent efficacy, though its evidence base is methodologically limited (Lange-Smith et al., 2024; Wang et al., 2025). Its reach remains constrained by geographic access, cost, scheduling, and stigma―barriers especially pronounced in South Korea, where only 7.2% of adults with a 12-month mental disorder diagnosis received professional care (Rim et al., 2023). AI tools―LLM-based conversational agents, mobile applications, and wearable biofeedback systems―offer scalable, personalized support. A South Korean scoping review (Yeo & Sohn, 2025) found chatbots predominant but noted gaps in theory-grounded design and outcome verification. Preliminary evidence (Im, 2026) suggests LLM-assisted PST may aid performance anxiety management and reduce help-seeking barriers in East Asian contexts, pending confirmation. Pilot trials (Bordo et al., 2025) and broader reviews (Erbe et al., 2017) support blended human-AI delivery outperforming either modality alone, though confirmatory trials remain scarce. Documented risks―algorithmic bias, iatrogenic dependency, weak crisis response, and data privacy vulnerability―require robust ethical governance (APA, 2025; AASP, 2024). Building on this, the paper proposes the AI-Augmented Sport Psychology Framework (AASPF), offering several sport-specific contributions that extend prior general “AI-as-adjunct” discussions: (a) an integration architecture in which escalation to a human practitioner is a built-in safety feature rather than an optional add-on; (b) a sport-specific data-access firewall that protects athlete psychological data from secondary use in selection, contract, or organizational performance decisions; and (c) an explicit examination of how AI adoption costs may reproduce, rather than reduce, the access inequities AI promises to address. The AASPF organizes evidence-informed protocols across four iterative domains―assessment, AI-supported between-session PST practice, continuous monitoring, and human-led counseling support―and is offered as a conceptual template to guide future empirical validation. It positions AI as a strategic augmentation tool within human-centered practice―never as a replacement for the qualified sport psychologist. Beyond reiterating that AI should augment rather than replace the practitioner, the AASPF's distinctive value lies in converting that general principle into three enforceable design commitments―runtime escalation encoded at the middleware layer, an athlete-owned data firewall, and design-stage cost-equity appraisal―thereby yielding a deployable and empirically testable model for applied sport psychology practice.

Artificial Intelligence, Psychological Skills Training, Sport Psychology Counseling, Conversational Agent, Athlete Mental Health, Blended Intervention, Human–AI Collaboration, Ethical Framework

Hee-tae Roh , Soo-yeon Kim , Su-youn Cho

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.119 Vol.10(No.2) 119-127, 2026

This study aimed to investigate the effects of different intensities of aerobic exercise on PM10-induced oxidative stress and antioxidant enzyme activities. Fifty-two 4-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four groups after a 1-week acclimation period: control (CON), PM exposure (PM), PM exposure with moderate-intensity exercise (PM+MI), and PM exposure with high-intensity exercise (PM+HI). PM was administered via tail-vein injection three times per week for 8 weeks. The exercise groups performed treadmill running five times per week for 40 min per session during the same period. At the end of the intervention, serum levels of 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) were analyzed. The PM group showed significantly higher levels of 8-OHdG and MDA and significantly lower SOD and CAT activities compared to the CON group (p < 0.05). Both exercise groups (PM+MI and PM+HI) exhibited significantly lower levels of 8-OHdG and MDA and significantly higher SOD activity compared with the PM group (p < 0.05). CAT activity was significantly increased only in the PM+MI group, whereas no significant difference was observed between the PM+HI and PM groups. However, no significant differences were observed between the PM+MI and PM+HI groups across all variables. These findings suggest that aerobic exercise effectively attenuates PM10-induced oxidative stress and enhances antioxidant defense, and that these beneficial effects may be largely independent of exercise intensity.

PM10, Oxidative Stress, Antioxidant Enzyme Activity, Aerobic Exercise, Exercise Intensity

Jinkook Kim , Soohyun Kim

DOI:10.26584/RDPA.2026.10.2.128 Vol.10(No.2) 128-144, 2026

This study investigates the policy rationale for and strategic directions of expanding Ecolian public golf courses in Korea through the lenses of sports welfare and sustainable public sports infrastructure. Although golf has traditionally been regarded as an elite leisure activity, participation has increased substantially since the COVID-19 pandemic, intensifying concerns regarding accessibility, affordability, and regional disparities in golf facilities. Against this backdrop, this research evaluates the public value of Ecolian golf courses and explores policy strategies for their sustainable expansion. A qualitative research design was adopted, incorporating a comprehensive literature review, comparative analysis of public golf course systems in the United States and Japan, and semi-structured interviews with experts in sports policy and golf course management. The findings indicate that Ecolian golf courses contribute to reducing economic and geographic barriers to participation and align with prior studies emphasizing the social equity function of public sports facilities. However, the analysis also identifies structural limitations, including uneven regional accessibility, seasonal fluctuations in revenue, limited program diversification, and insufficient coordination among relevant governance actors. Drawing upon theoretical discussions on public goods, sports welfare, and sustainable development, this study proposes regionally differentiated expansion strategies, strengthened cooperative governance between central and local governments, diversified participation programs for a broader range of social groups, and the integration of ESG-oriented management indicators. By reconceptualizing public golf course expansion as a strategic component of sports welfare policy rather than merely an increase in facility provision, this study provides meaningful theoretical and policy implications for the sustainable development of public sports infrastructure.

Ecolian Public Golf Course, Sports Welfare, Public Sports Infrastructure, Accessibility, Sustainable Sports Policy